Webpages
Referencing webpages (examples are in blue)
Note: Capital letters in the webpage title: There should only be a capital letter for the first word in the webpage title, the first word in the subtitle, or for a proper noun (such as a place or a person's name). All other words in the webpage title are lower case.
Note: Website or webpage? A webpage is a page or article within a website. Think of it like a book - the website is the book, the webpages are the chapters in a book
Note: Wikipedia articles are treated differently than other website articles. See entry below.
Note: Retrieval dates are not required unless the nature of the website's content changes dramatically and frequently over time (such as the World Clock or global population numbers). See entry below : 'Webpage with no author and no date, and content is designed to change over time'.
| Format | Reference | In-Text Citation |
| Webpage with an individual author(s) |
Author Surname, Initial. (Year, Month Date). Title of webpage. Website name. Website URL
Richards, S. E., & Akpan, N. (2020, December 1). Already had the coronavirus? You could get it again. National Geographic. https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/2020/12/why- coronavirus-reinfections-are- happening/#close Note: If the date and month is not available, these details can be left out. |
(Author, year) (Richards & Akpan, 2020) OR According to Richards and Akpan (2020) ...... |
|
Webpage with no individual author's name (there is only a website name) |
Website Name. (Year, Month Day). Title of webpage. Website URL
Mayo Clinic. (2020, April 7). Lactose intolerance. https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/lactose intolerance/symptoms-causes/syc-20374232/
Note: If the organisation who wrote the article is different to the website name, add the organisation name after the title.
Organisation who wrote the article. (Year, Month Day). Title of webpage. Website Name. Website URL Eg: National Institute of Mental Health. (2018, July). Anxiety disorders. U.S. Department of Health and Human
|
(Website name, year)
(Mayo Clinic, 2020)
|
| Webpage with no date |
Author Surname, Initial OR Website name. (n.d.). Title of webpage. Website name - if different to organisation / group name. Website URL
Australian Psychological Society. (n.d.). Anxiety disorders. https://www.psychology.org.au/for-the-public/PsychologyTopics/Anxiety/
|
(Author, n.d.). (Australian Psychological Society, n.d.) |
| Webpage with no individual author and no date, and content is designed to change over time |
Organisation name. (n.d.). Title of webpage. Website name - if different to organisation name. Retrieved (Month Date, Year), from Website URL
U.S. Census Bureau. (n.d.). U.S. and world population clock. U.S. Department of Commerce. Retrieved December 3, 2020, from https://www.census.gov/popclock/
|
(Organisation name, n.d.). (U.S. Census Bureau, n.d.). |
| Wikipedia article |
Wikipedia is treated differently from other website articles: Title of article. (Year, Month Date). In Wikipedia. URL. Quantum mechanics. (2020, December 3). In Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Quantum_mechanics&oldid=948476810
|
("Wikipedia entry title", year, paragraph) ("Quantum mechanics", 2020, para. 4) |
| Religious Works |
Title of website. (Year). Title of webpage. URL. Original work published XXXX (if known)
King James Bible. (2017). King James Bible Online. https://www.kingjamesbibleonline.org
Note: Religious works published as webpages follow the usual webpage reference format. Religious works are usually treated as having no author. Replace the author with the website title. |
(Title of Webpage, Original year of publication/recent year of publication, Chapter: verse) (King James Bible, 1769/2017, 2 Cor 5:17) |
|
Government Report |
Organisation name who authored the report. (Year). Title of report (Report or catalogue number if known). Organisation who published the report (only if different from author). URL Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. (2024). People with disability in Australia 2024 (Catalogue number DIS 72). Australian Government. https://www.aihw.gov.au/getmedia/725731a5-5296-4b8d-8e49-40fa64937fb2/aihw-dis-72-people-with-disability-in-australia-2024.pdf?v=20240403105922&inline=true |
(Organisation name, Year) (Australian Institute of Health and Welfare, 2024). |
| Government Report - with an individual as the author |
Author surname, Initial. (Year). Title of report (Report or catalogue number if known). Website name. URL Fried, D., & Polyakova, A. (2018). Democratic defense against disinformation. Atlantic Council. https://www.atlanticcouncil.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/Democratic_Defense_Against_Disinformation_2.0.pdf |
(Author surname, Year) (Fried & Polyakova, 2018). |