Skip to Main Content

English Advanced Year 12 : T.S Eliot: Rhapsody on a Windy Night

A selection of T.S. Eliot resources to support Year 12 English Advanced students

Rhapsody on a Windy Night

Every street lamp that I pass

Beats like a fatalistic drum,

And through the spaces of the dark

   Midnight shakes the memory  

Rhapsody on a Windy Night

Twelve o¹clock.
      Along the reaches of the street
      Held in a lunar synthesis,
      Whispering lunar incantations
      Dissolve the floors of memory
      And all its clear relations
      Its divisions and precisions,
      Every street lamp that I pass
      Beats like a fatalistic drum,
      And through the spaces of the dark
      Midnight shakes the memory
      As a madman shakes a dead geranium. 

            Half-past one,
      The street-lamp sputtered,
      The street-lamp muttered,
      The street-lamp said, "Regard that woman
      Who hesitates towards you in the light of the door
      Which opens on her like a grin.
      You see the border of her dress
      Is torn and stained with sand,
      And you see the corner of her eye
      Twists like a crooked pin."

            The memory throws up high and dry
      A crowd of twisted things; 

      A twisted branch upon the beach
      Eaten smooth, and polished
      As if the world gave up
      The secret of its skeleton,
      Stiff and white.
      A broken spring in a factory yard,
      Rust that clings to the form that the strength has left
      Hard and curled and ready to snap. 

            Half-past two,
      The street lamp said,
      "Remark the cat which flattens itself in the gutter,
      Slips out its tongue
      And devours a morsel of rancid butter."
      So the hand of the child, automatic,
      Slipped out and pocketed a toy that was running along the quay.
      I could see nothing behind that child¹s eye.
      I have seen eyes in the street
      Trying to peer through lighted shutters,
      And a crab one afternoon in a pool,
      An old crab with barnacles on his back,
      Gripped the end of a stick which I held him. 

            Half-past three,
      The lamp sputtered,
      The lamp muttered in the dark.
      The lamp hummed:
      "Regard the moon,
      La lune ne guarde aucune rancune,
      She winks a feeble eye,
      She smiles into corners.
      She smooths the hair of the grass.
      The moon has lost her memory.
      A washed-out smallpox cracks her face,
      Her hand twists a paper rose,
      That smells of dust and eau de Cologne,
      She is alone
      With all the old nocturnal smells
      That cross and cross across her brain."
      The reminiscence comes
      Of sunless dry geraniums
      And dust in crevices,
      Smells of chestnuts in the streets,
      And female smells in shuttered rooms,
      And cigarettes in corridors
      And cocktail smells in bars. 

            The lamp said,
      "Four o¹clock,
      Here is the number on the door.
      Memory!
      You have the key,
      The little lamp spreads a ring on the stair.
      Mount.
      The bed is open; the tooth-brush hangs on the wall,
      Put your shoes at the door, sleep, prepare for life." 

            The last twist of the knife.

Rhapsody on a Windy Night

Analysis

Animated sequence

Study Guides

The following study guides offer summaries, main ideas and quotes from 'Rhapsody on a Windy Night':

Critical Analysis

Critical analysis of the poem:

Bachelor + Master - British and American Poetry
Online Literature Library presenting summary and analysis of British and American poetry, fiction, drama, non-fiction and criticism for students.

The poem Rhapsody on a Windy Night presents the setting of a moonlight windy night, and the time is twelve o'clock. The street is deserted. The young man, the speaker, walks down a street in which the street lamps eventually dominate his walk so much so as to act as triggers to series of fanciful and disorganized imaginings. The young man is returning to his lodge...continue reading...

This article, written by Tina Hanlon, first appeared in Salem Press publication

"Rhapsody on a Windy Night” is a lyric poem in free verse. It is divided into six stanzas that vary in length from nine to twenty-three lines each, with a separate closing line at the end of the poem. In one way, the title seems to reflect the poem’s form, since in music a rhapsody is an irregular, unstructured piece. The poem at first appears to be an uncontrolled jumble of oddly juxtaposed images in lines and stanzas of irregular length, with no consistent rhyme scheme but with scattered rhymes, repetitions, and variations throughout...continue reading...